# AUTHOR , YEAR. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Fedora RPM Guide\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2011-03-02T00:57:14\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2011-08-21 09:30+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Automatically generated\n" "Language-Team: Slovak (http://www.transifex.net/projects/p/fedora/team/sk/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: sk\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2\n" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Using the RPM Database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This chapter covers:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Querying the RPM database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Getting information on RPM files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Finding out which packages own files on your system" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Verifying installed packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Backing up the RPM database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Repairing damaged RPM databases" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Every package you install with RPM is recorded in the RPM database. The RPM " "system includes commands to query this database to find out which packages " "are installed and to provide quite a few details about these packages." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This chapter covers querying both the RPM database and RPM package files. " "Both types of query are important:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Query the RPM database to see what is installed, or not installed, on your " "system." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Query package files to see what the files require, as well as what the files" " provide." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to querying the RPM database, you can use the database to verify" " packages. Since this database is so important to the management of your " "Linux system, this chapter covers how to back it up, as well as how to " "repair a damaged RPM database." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying the RPM Database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In , you saw that the rpm command usually " "takes one major command-line option to tell it the operation to perform and " "a myriad of command-line options to customize the operation. The rpm command" " may also take the name of one or more RPM package files or the name of one " "or more installed packages. For example, the rpm –i " "command performs an installation operation, and the rpm " "–U command performs an upgrade." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For querying the RPM database, the major command-line option is " "–q, short for query. This option tells the rpm command to" " query the RPM database. You can also use the long option " "--query." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In the last few chapters, you've used the –q option with " "the rpm command to query just for the presence or absence of installed " "packages. You can expand the -q option to perform a wide " "array of queries to find out information about the packages installed on a " "Linux system." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The basic format of the rpm –q command follows:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –q package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "You need to provide the name of a package to query. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q telnet-0.17" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command returns the name of the package, if installed. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " telnet-0.17-20\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the package is not installed, you’ll see a message like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " package telnet-0.17 is not installed\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can provide the whole package name to the rpm command, which includes " "the name, the version, and the RPM package number, as discussed in . You can also just provide the name and " "version number, as shown previously, or just the base name of the package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, the following command uses just the base name of the package:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q telnet" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The rpm –q command expects a package name. Although it supports some amount " "of customized queries, you really need to know which packages you want the " "rpm command to report on." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can provide more than one package name; the rpm command reports on each " "package, as shown following." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q telnet telnet-server" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " telnet-0.17-20\n" " telnet-server-0.17-20\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You need to change the way you query if you want to perform searches when " "you do not know the full package name in advance. The following sections " "cover options for creating various queries." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying everything" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Up to now, we have used the rpm command to query only for specific packages." " The –a option tells the rpm command to query for all " "packages. You can also use the longer option, --all, in " "place of –a." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command returns every package installed on your system, quite a few " "packages. The packages are returned one per line, as shown following." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "m17n-db-gujarati-1.5.5-4.fc13.noarch\n" "libvisual-0.4.0-9.fc12.x86_64\n" "hal-filesystem-0.5.14-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "fedora-logos-13.0.2-1.fc13.noarch\n" "kdepim-runtime-libs-4.4.5-1.fc13.x86_64\n" "lpsolve-5.5.0.15-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "kipi-plugins-1.2.0-1.fc13.x86_64\n" "kbd-1.15-9.fc12.x86_64\n" "perl-Glib-1.201-4.fc12.x86_64\n" "kdeplasma-addons-4.4.5-1.fc13.x86_64\n" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This output has been modified to meet size constraints. Try the rpm" " –qa command to see the full output for your system." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "There may be over a thousand packages on your system. Even so, the " "rpm –qa command executes surprisingly fast." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Refining the query" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "When you query all the installed packages, you get too much output for most " "purposes, other than to get a general idea of the magnitude of packages " "installed on your system. But if you cannot remember a package name, there's" " no real option, other than writing your own RPM query program." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can take advantage of the power of the Linux shells, though, and the " "wonderful ability to pipe the output of one command into another to work " "around this problem. With the large amount of output, you may want to pipe " "the output to the more or less " "programs, and display the output one page at a time." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Even with more and less, the " "rpm –qa command outputs too much information to be really" " useful, unless you can somehow filter the information automatically." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Piping the Output To grep" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The Linux (and Unix) grep command provides a powerful " "tool for filtering through textual data. If you pipe the output of the " "rpm –qa command into the grep command," " you have a powerful search engine at your fingertips." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, if you know that most packages that provide tools for the SSH " "service have \"ssh\" in their names, you can find all these packages by " "using a command like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa | grep ssh" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This command outputs packages such as the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "ksshaskpass-0.5.3-1.fc13.x86_64\n" "openssh-server-5.4p1-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "libssh2-1.2.4-1.fc13.i686\n" "openssh-askpass-5.4p1-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "libssh2-1.2.4-1.fc13.x86_64\n" "openssh-5.4p1-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "openssh-clients-5.4p1-3.fc13.x86_64\n" "libssh-0.4.4-1.fc13.x86_64" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the --pipe option to the rpm command, introduced in . With this option, your command becomes:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa --pipe \"grep ssh\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" " covers programming with the " "RPM system with the Python scripting language." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can take advantage of some of the options that the grep command " "supports, including -i for ignoring the case of the string to match, " "--regexp to pass a regular expression to grep, and -v, to output only those " "entries that do not match the search string." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you are unfamiliar with grep, the online manual pages for the grep " "command provide a listing of the command-line options available for grep as " "well as a short tutorial on regular expressions supported by grep." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Table 5-1 lists some of the common package-naming conventions. Remember that" " these are just conventions, not hard-and-fast rules. You can use these " "conventions in concert with rpm queries." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-1 Common Naming Conventions on Linux" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Convention" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Usually indicates" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with g" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "GNOME desktop application or a GNU application, especially GNU C programming" " tools and libraries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with j" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Cross-platform Java application" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with k" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "KDE desktop application, Linux kernel package, or Kerberos security package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with py" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Python application" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with rh" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Red Hat application, usually for configuring your system" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with tk" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Graphical Tcl application" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Starts with x" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "X Window System graphical desktop application" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Ends with wm" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Window manager for controlling the layout of windows on the screen" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying with Wildcards" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to using other Linux commands, the rpm command supports some " "search options. You can pass a wildcard to rpm –qa (but " "not just rpm –q, you need the –a to " "look for all packages). For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa \"kernel*\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "kernel-2.6.33.6-147.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-2.6.33.5-112.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-devel-2.6.33.5-112.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-headers-2.6.33.6-147.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-2.6.33.5-124.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-devel-2.6.33.5-124.fc13.x86_64\n" "kernel-devel-2.6.33.6-147.fc13.x86_64" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The quotation marks around \"kernel*\" are to prevent the Linux shell from " "expanding the wildcard character, *, to try to match a list of file names in" " the local directory. By passing the command-line parameter as \"kernel*\", " "the rpm program gets to see the * character. Otherwise, the shell expands " "the parameter and the program, rpm in this case, never sees the *." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command searches for all package names starting with send. You can " "reverse this with an exclamation mark. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "$ rpm -qa '!send*'" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command works sort of like grep –v and searches for " "all packages that do not start with \"send\"." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "There are quite a few other Linux commands you can use in pipelines with the" " rpm –qa command to better filter and display the data, " "such as wc –l to count the number of packages that you " "query. You can also use a number of other query options to find out more " "specialized information from the RPM database." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Finding which packages own files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "One of the common problems with package management comes when you want to " "track a given file on your system back to the package that “owns” the file " "(that is, the package that, when installed, installed the particular file)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option tells the rpm command to query for all " "packages that own a particular file. You can also use the longer option, " ", in place of . The basic syntax " "follows:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf filename" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, the grep command used in previous examples is really a file. " "(Just about all Linux commands are a file of some sort, be it a shell script" " or an executable application.) You can use a few Linux commands to " "determine which package provides this handy program." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "First, we need the exact path to the file. For Linux commands, you can use " "the which command, if the program is in your path. (The " "grep program must be in your path, or commands with grep will fail.)" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Try the following command:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "which grep" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This command returns the path to grep:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "/bin/grep" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "We can now check which package owns this file with the following command:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf /bin/grep" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "grep-2.6.3-1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the Linux back-tick operator to perform this check with one" " command." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf `which grep`" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you use the bash shell, you can use the $(command parameters) syntax in " "place of the back tick, or `, characters. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf $(which grep)" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "If no package owns a given file, you’ll see output like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf mail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "file mail is not owned by any package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Often, the package that owns a file does not have an intuitive name. The ssh" " command, for example, is owned by the openssh-clients package, as shown " "following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf `which ssh`" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "openssh-clients-5.4p1-3" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As you can see, the name of a command does not always correspond directly to" " the name of the package that provides that command. This is where the " "rpm –qf command proves very useful. Otherwise, you would " "just have to know that OpenSSH is the project responsible for this command." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Symbolic Links" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The rpm -qf command follows symbolic links. This was not " "always true with older versions of RPM, but modern RPM versions can trace " "package ownership to files placed in linked directories." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, the directory /usr/lib/X11 is a link to the real directory, " "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11. You can track the package ownership of a file in that " "directory, XKeysymDB, for example, by using the following command:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qf /usr/lib/X11/XKeysymDB" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "XFree86-4.2.0-72" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This file, XKeysymDB, really resides in /usr/X11R6/lib/X11." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Getting Information on Packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The query options for the rpm command include a whole set of options that " "return information about the files that make up a package, the scripts, and " "other parts of the original package. The following sections cover these " "options." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Describing packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option with an rpm query command tells the rpm " "command to output descriptive information about the package. You can also " "use the longer option, , in place of " ". The basic syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qi package" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Warning" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The order of the command-line options is very important. Remember that the " "rpm command has the following general syntax:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm –MajorOperation " "–extra_options packages_or_files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm –i installs packages and rpm –q " "queries packages. The rpm –qi command outputs the " "descriptive information on packages. If you make a mistake and place the " "i in front of the q, you are telling " "the rpm command to perform a different operation." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "When you run this command, being very careful with the order of the options," " you’ll see output like the following, which describes the tcsh shell " "package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qi tcsh-6.17-6" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "Name : tcsh Relocations: (not relocateable)\n" "Version : 6.17 Vendor: Fedora Project\n" "Release : 6 Build Date: Tue 15 Dec 2009 11:28:11 AM EST\n" "Install Date: Fri 27 Aug 2010 07:41:03 PM EDT Build Host: localhost\n" "Group : System Environment/Shells Source RPM: tcsh-6.17-6.fc13.src.rpm\n" "Size : 1191282 License: BSD\n" "Signature : RSA/SHA256, Fri 05 Feb 2010 09:30:43 AM EST, Key ID 7edc6ad6e8e40fde\n" "Packager : Fedora Project\n" "URL : http://www.tcsh.org/\n" "Summary : An enhanced version of csh, the C shell\n" "Description :\n" "Tcsh is an enhanced but completely compatible version of csh, the C\n" "shell. Tcsh is a command language interpreter which can be used both\n" "as an interactive login shell and as a shell script command processor.\n" "Tcsh includes a command line editor, programmable word completion,\n" "spelling correction, a history mechanism, job control and a C language\n" "like syntax.\n" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The sections on custom queries following in this chapter show how you can " "query for any information stored in a package header, including all of the " "information shown with rpm –qi, as well as any other " "header tag." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Package groups" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "RPM packages can be placed into groups, merely arbitrary names for a set of " "packages. The rpm –qi command, shown previously, lists " "the group for a package, if there is one. For the tcsh package shown in the " "previous example, the package is System " "Environment/Shells." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option to rpm –q tells rpm to " "list all the packages in a given group. You can also use the longer option, " ", in place of . The basic syntax " "follows:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –qg group_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qg \"System Environment/Shells\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "dash-0.5.5.1-3.x86_64\n" "bash-4.1.7-1.x86_64\n" "tcsh-6.17-6.x86_64" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Spaces in group names" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This group has a space in its name, so you need quotation marks to pass the " "group name as one parameter to the rpm command." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the files in a package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The (ell) option queries all the files in a package. You" " can also use the longer option, --list, in place of –l. The basic syntax " "is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –ql package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, to query the files in the tcsh package, you’ll see the " "following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -ql tcsh" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " /bin/csh\n" " /bin/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/FAQ\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/Fixes\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/NewThings\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/complete.tcsh\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/eight-bit.txt\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/header.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/index.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/lists.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man2html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/top.html\n" " /usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " /usr/share/man/man1/tcsh.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing multiple packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can pass more than one package name to this option, but it won’t tell " "you which package owns which file. Use the " "option to list files by package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q --filesbypkg file openssh-clients" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " file /usr/bin/file\n" " file /usr/share/magic\n" " file /usr/share/magic.mgc\n" " file /usr/share/magic.mime\n" " file /usr/share/man/man1/file.1.gz\n" " file /usr/share/man/man5/magic.5.gz\n" " openssh-clients /etc/ssh/ssh_config\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/sftp\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/slogin\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/ssh\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/ssh-add\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/ssh-agent\n" " openssh-clients /usr/bin/ssh-keyscan\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/sftp.1.gz\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/slogin.1.gz\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/ssh-add.1.gz\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/ssh-agent.1.gz\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/ssh-keyscan.1.gz\n" " openssh-clients /usr/share/man/man1/ssh.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Use this option without –l, because the –l option will also list the files " "alone, without any package name." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The –v (verbose) option can give you more information on the files when used" " with the various query options. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qlv tcsh" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Dec 15 2009 /bin/csh -> tcsh\n" "-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 386984 Dec 15 2009 /bin/tcsh\n" "drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17782 Mar 2 2006 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/BUGS\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12773 May 19 2004 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/FAQ\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85246 Jul 10 2009 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/Fixes\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6518 Oct 2 1998 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/NewThings\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11809 May 19 2004 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/WishList\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56615 Oct 1 2007 /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.17/complete.tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46682 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48387 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45670 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48234 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45130 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47757 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47978 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49085 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33848 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45160 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46148 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45492 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/man/man1/csh.1.gz -> tcsh.1.gz\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63984 Dec 15 2009 /usr/share/man/man1/tcsh.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This information is the same as a long listing on the files." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As you can see, the option results in quite a lot of " "output. In some cases, though, you aren’t interested in documentation and " "other miscellaneous files in the package. It’s the commands and libraries " "that cause the most package-related problems. To help with this, you can use" " a series of rpm options to list only certain types of files." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the configuration files for a package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option tells rpm –q to list the " "configuration files for a package. You can also use the longer option, " ", in place of . The basic " "syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –qc package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qc bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " /etc/skel/.bash_logout\n" " /etc/skel/.bash_profile\n" " /etc/skel/.bashrc\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "This command lists the configuration files for the bash package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Some packages don’t have configuration files, as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qc python" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " \n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In this case, the rpm command provides no output. Other packages have a lot " "of configuration files, such as the sendmail mail transfer agent, as shown " "following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qc sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " /etc/aliases\n" " /etc/mail/Makefile\n" " /etc/mail/access\n" " /etc/mail/domaintable\n" " /etc/mail/helpfile\n" " /etc/mail/local-host-names\n" " /etc/mail/mailertable\n" " /etc/mail/sendmail.mc\n" " /etc/mail/statistics\n" " /etc/mail/trusted-users\n" " /etc/mail/virtusertable\n" " /etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail\n" " /etc/sendmail.cf\n" " /etc/sysconfig/sendmail\n" " /usr/lib/sasl/Sendmail.conf\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As with the option, the option " "provides more information on each file, as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qcv bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18 May 21 13:32 /etc/skel/.bash_logout\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 May 21 13:32 /etc/skel/.bash_profile\n" "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 124 May 21 13:32 /etc/skel/.bashrc\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the documentation files for a package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Similarly to the option, the option " "tells the rpm –q command to list just the documentation " "files for a package. The basic syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –qd package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qd tcsh" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/FAQ\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/Fixes\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/NewThings\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/complete.tcsh\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/eight-bit.txt\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/header.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/index.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/lists.html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man2html\n" " /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/top.html\n" " /usr/share/man/man1/tcsh.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Getting more information" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can add the –v option to all of the file-listing options to get more " "information." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the longer option, , in place of" " ." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the state of the files in a package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option to the rpm –q command " "lists the state of each file in a package. The basic syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm –qs package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qs tcsh" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " normal /bin/csh\n" " normal /bin/tcsh\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/FAQ\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/Fixes\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/NewThings\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/complete.tcsh\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/eight-bit.txt\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/header.html\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/index.html\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/lists.html\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/tcsh.man2html\n" " normal /usr/share/doc/tcsh-6.10/tcsh.html/top.html\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " not installed /usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/tcsh\n" " normal /usr/share/man/man1/tcsh.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the long option, , in place of " "." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can combine the option with other file filters, such" " as , for listing only the documentation files for a " "package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-2 lists the states that RPM supports." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-2 RPM File States" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "State" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Usage" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "normal" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file has been installed." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "not installed" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file from the package is not installed." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "replaced" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file has been replaced." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Sometimes files in a package may have been skipped during installation with " "options such as . This can lead to non-normal " "states. You may have also modified files installed from a given package." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the scripts in a package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "RPM packages can have preinstallation, postinstallation, preuninstallation, " "and postuninstallation scripts. These are scripts that the rpm command will " "execute before and after installing a package, as well as before and after " "removing the package. The option to the " "rpm –q command lists the scripts associated with a " "package. The basic syntax follows:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --scripts package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q --scripts tcsh" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "if [ ! -f /etc/shells ]; then\n" " echo \"/bin/tcsh\" >> /etc/shells\n" " echo \"/bin/csh\" >> /etc/shells\n" "else\n" " grep -q '^/bin/tcsh$' /etc/shells || \\\n" " echo \"/bin/tcsh\" >> /etc/shells\n" " grep -q '^/bin/csh$' /etc/shells || \\\n" " echo \"/bin/csh\" >> /etc/shells\n" "fi\n" "postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):\n" "if [ ! -x /bin/tcsh ]; then\n" " grep -v '^/bin/tcsh$' /etc/shells | \\\n" " grep -v '^/bin/csh$' > /etc/shells.rpm && \\\n" " mv /etc/shells.rpm /etc/shells\n" "fi\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The simple scripts shown here add an entry to the /etc/shells file and clean" " up the entry when uninstalled." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Cleaning up" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Cleaning up any changes your package makes on uninstallation is a very good " "idea. See the chapters in Part II, Creating RPMs, for details on making your" " own well-behaved packages." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Other packages have more complex scripts, as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q --scripts sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "preinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):\n" "/usr/sbin/useradd -u 47 -d /var/spool/mqueue -r -s /sbin/nologin mailnull >/dev/null 2>&1\n" "/usr/sbin/useradd -u 51 -d /var/spool/mqueue -r -s /sbin/nologin smmsp >/dev/null 2>&1\n" "exit 0\n" "postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):\n" "/sbin/chkconfig --add sendmail\n" "# Set up the alternatives files for MTAs.\n" "/usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/sbin/sendmail mta /usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail 90 \\\n" " --slave /usr/bin/mailq mta-mailq /usr/bin/mailq.sendmail \\\n" " --slave /usr/bin/newaliases mta-newaliases /usr/bin/newaliases.sendmail \\\n" " --slave /usr/bin/rmail mta-rmail /usr/bin/rmail.sendmail \\\n" " --slave /usr/lib/sendmail mta-sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail.sendmail \\\n" " --slave /etc/pam.d/smtp mta-pam /etc/pam.d/smtp.sendmail \\\n" " --slave /usr/share/man/man8/sendmail.8.gz mta-sendmailman /usr/share/man/man8/sendmail.sendmail.8.gz \\\n" " --slave /usr/share/man/man1/mailq.1.gz mta-mailqman /usr/share/man/man1/mailq.sendmail.1.gz \\\n" " --slave /usr/share/man/man1/newaliases.1.gz mta-newaliasesman /usr/share/man/man1/newaliases.sendmail.1.gz \\\n" " --slave /usr/share/man/man5/aliases.5.gz mta-aliasesman /usr/share/man/man5/aliases.sendmail.5.gz \\\n" " --initscript sendmail\n" "\n" "# Rebuild maps\n" "{\n" " chown root /etc/aliases.db /etc/mail/access.db \\\n" " /etc/mail/mailertable.db /etc/mail/domaintable.db \\\n" " /etc/mail/virtusertable.db\n" " SM_FORCE_DBREBUILD=1 /etc/mail/make\n" " SM_FORCE_DBREBUILD=1 /etc/mail/make aliases\n" "} > /dev/null 2>&1\n" "exit 0\n" "preuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):\n" "if [ $1 = 0 ]; then\n" " /etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail stop >/dev/null 2>&1\n" " /sbin/chkconfig --del sendmail\n" " /usr/sbin/alternatives --remove mta /usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail\n" "fi\n" "exit 0\n" "postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):\n" "if [ \"$1\" -ge \"1\" ]; then\n" " /etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail condrestart >/dev/null 2>&1\n" " mta=`readlink /etc/alternatives/mta`\n" " if [ \"$mta\" == \"/usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail\" ]; then\n" " /usr/sbin/alternatives --set mta /usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail\n" " fi\n" "fi\n" "exit 0\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In this case, the main script is the post-install script, which tries to " "convert old-format data into the new format, thereby helping users upgrade " "to the newer release." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing what has changed" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option lists what has changed, as described" " in a file that logs changes, from previous versions of a given package. The" " change log is just a convention, so not all packages will sport this nifty " "feature. In addition, the change log for many packages documents the changes" " in the RPM packaging, not the changes in the underlying application. If a " "change log is available, however, this can prove a very good way to help " "determine whether you want to upgrade to a new version of a package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, a network server application may have been updated to fix some " "security problems. In that case, you likely want to upgrade. Other changes " "may not affect your site, leading you to decide not to upgrade." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The basic format of the command is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm –q --changelog " "package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, the following shows the beginning of the changelog for the bash" " package:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q --changelog bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "* Fri May 21 2010 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.1.7-1\n" "- Patch level 7\n" "\n" "* Wed Mar 31 2010 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.1.2-4\n" "- Corrected requires patch (#563301)\n" "\n" "* Fri Jan 22 2010 rrakus@redhat.com 4.1.2-3\n" "- Don't use cond-rmatch patch\n" "- Use manso patch\n" "- Include COPYING in base bash rpm\n" "\n" "* Fri Jan 22 2010 rrakus@redhat.com 4.1.2-2\n" "- Correct patchlevel 2\n" "\n" "* Fri Jan 22 2010 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com 4.1.2-1\n" "- Patchlevel 4.2\n" "- Removed old patch\n" "- Returned back manso patch\n" "\n" "* Fri Jan 08 2010 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com 4.1.0-2\n" "- Include COPYING in doc dir\n" "\n" "* Mon Jan 04 2010 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.1.0-1\n" "- Upstream 4.1\n" "\n" "* Sun Dec 27 2009 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.1-0.2.rc1\n" "- Fixed patch for fuzz=0\n" "\n" "* Sun Dec 27 2009 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.1-0.1.rc1\n" "- Upstream 4.1.rc1\n" "\n" "* Fri Dec 11 2009 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.0.35-2\n" "- Don't segfault when TERM=eterm* and EMACS is unset (#530911)\n" "\n" "* Thu Oct 29 2009 Roman Rakus rrakus@redhat.com - 4.0.35-1\n" "- Patch level 35\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Combining queries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The rpm command is very flexible in allowing you to combine queries. Just " "start the command with rpm –q and add the various options" " either on their own, such as with " "and , or together, such as ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following sections show a few handy combinations of the options you can " "use for real-world package-management tasks." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing Package Description and Documentation Files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To find information on a package and where it is documented, use the " " option to rpm (a combination of the " ", , and options):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qdi grep" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "Name : grep Relocations: (not relocatable)\n" "Version : 2.6.3 Vendor: Fedora Project\n" "Release : 1.fc13 Build Date: Wed 07 Apr 2010 05:58:58 PM EDT\n" "Install Date: Fri 27 Aug 2010 07:03:07 PM EDT Build Host: x86-06.phx2.fedoraproject.org\n" "Group : Applications/Text Source RPM: grep-2.6.3-1.fc13.src.rpm\n" "Size : 800493 License: GPLv3+\n" "Signature : RSA/SHA256, Wed 07 Apr 2010 06:48:20 PM EDT, Key ID 7edc6ad6e8e40fde\n" "Packager : Fedora Project\n" "URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/\n" "Summary : Pattern matching utilities\n" "Description :\n" "The GNU versions of commonly used grep utilities. Grep searches through\n" "textual input for lines which contain a match to a specified pattern and then\n" "prints the matching lines. GNU's grep utilities include grep, egrep and fgrep.\n" "\n" "GNU grep is needed by many scripts, so it shall be installed on every system.\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/ABOUT-NLS\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/AUTHORS\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/COPYING\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/ChangeLog\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/NEWS\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/README\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/THANKS\n" "/usr/share/doc/grep-2.6.3/TODO\n" "/usr/share/info/grep.info.gz\n" "/usr/share/man/man1/egrep.1.gz\n" "/usr/share/man/man1/fgrep.1.gz\n" "/usr/share/man/man1/grep.1.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "It can sometimes be difficult to track down the documentation for a given " "package. Some packages use Unix manual pages; others use info files, and " "still others provide HTML for other formatted manuals. Some have no real " "documentation at all." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the State of Configuration Files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To find the state of all the configuration files for a given Linux command, " "use a command with the option with the name of the " "file, as shown here, or the option with the name of a " "package." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qcsf /bin/bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "normal /etc/skel/.bash_logout\n" "normal /etc/skel/.bash_profile\n" "normal /etc/skel/.bashrc\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Listing the Most Recently Installed Packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To list the most recently installed packages, use the following command with" " the option. This is very useful if you recently " "installed or upgraded a number of packages and something unexpected happens." " If you cannot remember the package names, you can use the " " option to list out packages in reverse order of " "installation." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can pipe the output of a query to the head command to show only the last" " ten packages that were installed or upgraded, as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa --last | head" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "kmod-nvidia-2.6.34.6-47.fc13.x86_64-256.53-1.fc13 Sat 18 Sep 2010 09:54:48 AM EDT\n" "xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-256.53-1.fc13 Sat 18 Sep 2010 09:51:00 AM EDT\n" "kmod-nvidia-2.6.34.6-54.fc13.x86_64-256.53-1.fc13.3 Sat 18 Sep 2010 09:50:59 AM EDT\n" "xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs-256.53-1.fc13 Sat 18 Sep 2010 09:50:57 AM EDT\n" "google-talkplugin-1.5.1.0-1 Wed 15 Sep 2010 07:38:46 PM EDT\n" "mythplugins-0.23.1-2.fc13 Sun 12 Sep 2010 09:35:42 PM EDT\n" "mythweather-0.23.1-2.fc13 Sun 12 Sep 2010 09:35:40 PM EDT\n" "perl-DateTime-Format-ISO8601-0.07-1.fc13 Sun 12 Sep 2010 09:35:39 PM EDT\n" "perl-DateTime-Format-Builder-0.7901-5.fc13 Sun 12 Sep 2010 09:35:38 PM EDT\n" "perl-Class-Factory-Util-1.7-6.fc13 Sun 12 Sep 2010 09:35:37 PM EDT \n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can pass options to the head command to show more or fewer than ten " "lines. In general, starting with the last ten packages can help you track " "down something you installed the day before." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Creating custom queries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The or option allows " "you to create custom queries with the rpm command, although in a rather " "difficult manner. You need to pass a query format string, the syntax of " "which originates with the C printf function and requires precision." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The basic syntax of the query format is . (The " "percent sign is about the only part that comes from the C printf function.) " "You can combine tag names to display more than one item per package. You can" " also add formatting options following C language conventions." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, to list all package names, use a command like the following " "(the output is abbreviated):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa --qf \"%{NAME}\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "libxml2tcp_wrappers-libstracerouteperl-Config-Tinylibsampleratefedora-icon-themefftw2dvb-appsreport-plugin-localsaveglib2-develqwtintltoolperl-Locale-Maketext-Gettextliblastfmxorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-100dpilibpng-devellibgeotifffontconfigPackageKit-glibshared-mime-infoxorg-x11-drv-sisusbxmlgraphics-commonsopenoffice.org-graphicfilterm17n-db-oriyadejavu-sans-fontslibselinux-pythonapr-utilxorg-x11-drv-cirruslibsilcmysql-serverpnm2ppanssmythmusicdbus-glibcyrus-sasl-libfedora-release-notesekigaperl-Net-SSLeayperl-HTML-Parsermingettyphp-clixorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libspatchgnome-games-extra\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command used the simplest format, which is just the value of the tag in" " the package headers, in this case the package names. Because we used no " "other formatting, this command outputs all the package names smashed " "together. To deal with this problem in the output, you can place a \\n, the " "C language convention for a newline character, at the end of the format " "string. This fixes the output considerably." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "For example (showing just the first few entries):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa --qf \"%{NAME}\\n\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "libxml2\n" "tcp_wrappers-libs\n" "traceroute\n" "perl-Config-Tiny\n" "libsamplerate\n" "fedora-icon-theme\n" "fftw2\n" "dvb-apps\n" "report-plugin-localsave\n" "glib2-devel\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command provides a custom query that is essentially the same as " "rpm -qa. You’ll likely not use this command in favor of " "the simpler rpm option, but you can use this example as a guide for creating" " your own custom queries." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "popt aliases" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "A great many of the command-line options to the rpm command are defined as " "popt aliases. These popt aliases define the rpm command-line options in " "terms of longer query format strings. See for more information on popt." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can add items to the query string and use C language conventions for " "formatting and controlling the amount of space provided for each item " "output. For example, the following command prints the name and platform for " "all packages, showing the first few entries, formatted with 20 characters " "for each item:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -qa --qf \"%-20{NAME} %-20{PLATFORM}\\n\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "libxml2 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "tcp_wrappers-libs i686-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "traceroute x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "perl-Config-Tiny noarch-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "libsamplerate x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "fedora-icon-theme noarch-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "fftw2 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "dvb-apps x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "report-plugin-localsave x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" "glib2-devel x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Working With Query Format Tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To build queries with the option, you need to" " know what tags you can use. To list the names of the available query format" " tags, use the option, which returns a large " "set of tags, truncated here for space:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm --querytags" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " NAME\n" " VERSION\n" " RELEASE\n" " SUMMARY\n" " DESCRIPTION\n" " BUILDTIME\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Each of these tags also has a version with a RPMTAG_ " "prefix, such as RPMTAG_NAME. You can use this tags with " "or without the RPMTAG_ prefix. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -q --qf \"%{RPMTAG_NAME}\\n\" sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " sendmail\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note how this command uses the option to query for one " "package, instead of to query for all packages. You can " "use query formats with any of the rpm queries." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The next sections cover the available tags based on the type of the " "information stored in the tag." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying for Package Information" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Many of the query format tags refer to package-information data stored in " "the RPM header, introduced in . Table " "5-3 lists the package-information tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-3 Package-information query tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Tag" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Holds" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "NAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Package name" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "VERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Version number" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "RELEASE" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Release number" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "SUMMARY" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "One-line summary of the package contents" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Descriptive text about the package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "BUILDTIME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Time package was built" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "BUILDHOST" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Host package was built on" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "SIZE" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Size of all the regular files in the payload" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "LICENSE" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "License package was released under" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "GROUP" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Descriptive group or category name for the package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Operating system package was built for" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "ARCH" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Architecture, such as i386" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "SOURCERPM" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The associated source RPM" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CHANGELOGTIME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of changelog times" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CHANGELOGNAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of changelog names" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CHANGELOGTEXT" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of changelog text entries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PREIN" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Pre-install script" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "POSTIN" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Post-install script" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PREUN" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Pre-uninstall script" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "POSTUN" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Post uninstall script" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PLATFORM" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Platform" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "All of these tags, except for the CHANGELOGTIME, " "CHANGELOGTEXT and CHANGELOGNAME tags, " "are single-value tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Formatting Arrays" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Many of the header entries are arrays, so the header tags can hold more than" " one item. For example, RPM packages can have more than one file in the " "payload." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To specify a format for each item in an array, use square brackets. For " "example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --queryformat \"[%-50{FILENAMES} %{FILESIZES}\\n]\" " "sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/10-sendmail 96\n" "/etc/mail 4096\n" "/etc/mail/Makefile 92\n" "/etc/mail/access 469\n" "/etc/mail/access.db 0\n" "/etc/mail/aliasesdb-stamp 0\n" "/etc/mail/domaintable 233\n" "/etc/mail/domaintable.db 0\n" "/etc/mail/helpfile 5584\n" "/etc/mail/local-host-names 64\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This example lists the files and file sizes within a package, with the " "listing of files truncated for size." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you want to mix array tags with non-array tags, you can use an equals " "sign, =, in front of the tag name to specify that the " "given tag should be repeated for each item in the array. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --queryformat \"[%-15{=NAME} %-50{FILENAMES}\\n]\" sendmail " "bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "sendmail /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/10-sendmail \n" "sendmail /etc/mail \n" "sendmail /etc/mail/Makefile \n" "sendmail /etc/mail/access \n" "sendmail /etc/mail/access.db \n" "bash /bin/bash \n" "bash /bin/sh \n" "bash /etc/skel/.bash_logout \n" "bash /etc/skel/.bash_profile \n" "bash /etc/skel/.bashrc \n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This example, also truncated for size, lists the package name along with the" " file name for the files contained in these two packages." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Special Formatting" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Some of the tags within an RPM package header contain special binary " "information that usually makes no sense when printed out. To help with these" " header tags, you can use special RPM formatting options, using a syntax " "like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "%{tag:special_format}" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, to print the INSTALLTIME tag, use " "%{INSTALLTIME:date}, which specifies to print the " "INSTALLTIME tag in date format. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --qf \"%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} " "%{INSTALLTIME:date}\\n\" bash" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "bash-4.1.7-1.fc13 Fri 27 Aug 2010 07:02:33 PM EDT\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This example prints the NAME-VERSION-RELEASE of the " "package, along with the INSTALLTIME in date format." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Most tags in a header are optional. You can print the value of these tags, " "but you may get nothing. To help deal with this, you can use a conditional " "operator based loosely on the C language ternary operator. The basic syntax " "is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "%|tag?{print_if_present}:{print_if_absent}|" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "With the normal %{tag} syntax, this conditional syntax gets complicated " "really fast. You need to break the elements down. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --qf \"%{NAME} %|EPOCH?{%{EPOCH}}:{(no Epoch)}|\\n\" " "perl" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " perl 4\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the package has a value for the EPOCH tag, you will " "see output as shown in this example. Most packages do not have an " "EPOCH defined, in which case, you will \\ see output like" " the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "RPM files likely hold packages that are not installed. If you query one of " "these packages, you will get the alternative text, as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -q --qf \"%{NAME} %|EPOCH?{%{EPOCH}}:{(no Epoch)}|\\n\" " "sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "sendmail (no Epoch)\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "See the \"Getting Information on Package Files\" section in this chapter for" " more on querying RPM package files. Other special-formatting options are " "described in the following sections on the dependency and file information " "tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying for Package Dependencies" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "A number of tags provide package dependency information. Each of these tags " "comes in triples, which are formatted similarly. For example, for the " "capabilities a package requires, you have the REQUIRENAME, REQUIREVERSION, " "and REQUIREFLAGS tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The REQUIRENAME tag holds an array of required capability names. The " "REQUIREVERSION tag holds an array of the versions of the required " "capabilities. The REQUIREFLAGS tag ties the two together with a set of bit " "flags that specify whether the requirement is for a version less than the " "given number, equal to the given number, greater than or equal to the given " "number, and so on." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-4 lists the dependency tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-4 Dependency query tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CONFLICTFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of flags for the capabilities this package conflicts" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CONFLICTNAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of capabilities that this package conflicts" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "CONFLICTVERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of version numbers that this package conflicts" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "REQUIREFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of flags for the capabilities this package requires" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "REQUIRENAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of capabilities that this package requires" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "REQUIREVERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of version numbers that this package requires" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OBSOLETENAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of capabilities that this package obsoletes" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OBSOLETEFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of flags for the capabilities this package obsoletes" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OBSOLETEVERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of version numbers that this package obsoletes" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PROVIDENAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of capabilities that this package provides" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PROVIDEFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of flags for the capabilities this package provides" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PROVIDEVERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of version numbers that this package provides" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Each of these tags is an array. The PROVIDENAME, PROVIDEVERSION, and " "PROVIDEFLAGS tags work similarly for the capabilities this package provides." " The CONFLICTNAME, CONFLICTVERSION, and CONFLICTFLAGS tags specify the " "conflicts, and, the OBSOLETENAME, OBSOLETEVERSION, and OBSOLETEFLAGS tags " "specify the obsolete dependencies." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The depflags special-formatting option prints out the flag tags, such as " "REQUIREFLAGS, in human-readable format. For example, the following command " "lists the requirements for a package:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "$ rpm -q --qf \\" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "\"[%{REQUIRENAME} %{REQUIREFLAGS:depflags} %{REQUIREVERSION}\\n]\" sendmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpmlib(VersionedDependencies) <= 3.0.3-1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "chkconfig >= 1.3" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "/usr/sbin/useradd" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "/bin/mktemp" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "fileutils" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "gawk" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "sed" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "sh-utils" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "procmail" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "bash >= 2.0" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "/bin/sh" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For those requirements that have specific version numbers, this command " "prints out the version number along with the operator, such as >= for a " "version greater than or equal to the given number." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that for many of the requirements, there is no specific version " "information." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to normal capabilities, most packages will have some RPM-related" " requirements as well, which specify any required RPM versions, for example," " rpmlib(CompressedFileNames)." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying for File Information" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The file-information tags hold data on the files within the package payload," " that is, the files the rpm command installs when you install the package. " "These tags are arrays, with one value per file." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-5 lists the file-information tags." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-5 File-information query tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OLDFILENAMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of full file names, used in older packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILESIZES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of sizes for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEMODES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of permissions for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILERDEVS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of rdev values for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEMTIMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of modified times for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEMD5S" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "MD5 checksum for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILELINKTOS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of link information for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of flags for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEUSERNAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of user names for the file owners" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEGROUPNAME" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of group names for the file owners" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEDEVICES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of devices for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEINODES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of inodes for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILELANGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of language flags for each file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "DIRINDEXES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of values that matches the DIRNAMES with the BASENBAMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "BASENAMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of file base names" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "DIRNAMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Array of directories that matches up with BASENAMES" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The OLDFILENAMES tag is used when the files are not " "compressed, when the REQUIRENAME tag does not indicate " "rpmlib(CompressedFileNames)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The FILESIZES tag specifies the size of each file in the " "payload, while the FILEMODES tag specifies the file modes" " (permissions) and the FILEMTIMES tag holds the last " "modification time for each file." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The BASENAMES tag holds an array of the base file names " "for the files in the payload. The DIRNAMES tag holds an " "array of the directories for the files. The DIRINDEXES " "tag contains an index into the DIRNAMES for the " "directory. Each RPM must have either OLDFILENAMES or the " "triple of BASENAMES, DIRNAMES, and " "DIRINDEXES, but not both." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "When listing file information, use the square bracket array syntax with your" " query formats. You can use the perms special formatting option for the file" " modes. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "$ rpm -q --qf \"[%-15{=NAME} %-36{FILENAMES} %{FILEMODES:perms}\n" "]\" sudo\n" "sudo /etc/pam.d/sudo -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /etc/pam.d/sudo-i -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /etc/sudoers -r--r-----\n" "sudo /etc/sudoers.d drwxr-x---\n" "sudo /usr/bin/sudo ---s--x--x\n" "sudo /usr/bin/sudoedit ---s--x--x\n" "sudo /usr/bin/sudoreplay ---x--x--x\n" "sudo /usr/libexec/sesh -rwxr-xr-x\n" "sudo /usr/libexec/sudo_noexec.so -rwxr-xr-x\n" "sudo /usr/sbin/visudo -rwxr-xr-x\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4 drwxr-xr-x\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/ChangeLog -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/HISTORY -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/LICENSE -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/NEWS -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/README -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/README.LDAP -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/TROUBLESHOOTING -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/UPGRADE -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/sample.pam -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/sample.sudoers -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/sample.syslog.conf -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/schema.ActiveDirectory -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/schema.OpenLDAP -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/schema.iPlanet -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/sudoers.ldap.pod -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.7.4p4/sudoers2ldif -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man5/sudoers.5.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man5/sudoers.ldap.5.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man8/sudo.8.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man8/sudoedit.8.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man8/sudoreplay.8.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /usr/share/man/man8/visudo.8.gz -rw-r--r--\n" "sudo /var/db/sudo drwx------\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Other Query Format Tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to all these tags, there are a number of other miscellaneous " "tags, many of which are listed in Table 5-6." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-6 Other query tags" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "ARCHIVESIZE" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Uncompressed size of the payload section" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "COOKIE" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Holds an opaque string" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "RPMVERSION" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Holds the version of the RPM tool used to create the package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "OPTFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Compiler optimization flags used to build the package" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PAYLOADFORMAT" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Must be cpio for LSB-compliant packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PAYLOADCOMPRESSOR" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Must be gzip for LSB-compliant packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "PAYLOADFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Must be 9 for LSB-compliant packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "RHNPLATFORM" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "FILEVERIFYFLAGS" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Bitmask that specifies which tests to perform to verify the files after an " "install" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "For example, you can list the version of RPM that created a package with a " "command like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "$ rpm -qp --qf \"%{name} - rpm %{rpmversion}\n" "\" *.rpm\n" "qt - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-devel - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-mysql - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-sqlite - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-sqlite - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-x11 - rpm 4.7.2\n" "qt-x11 - rpm 4.7.2 \n" "\t" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Cross Reference" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "See for a listing of all the tags " "in an RPM file." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Other queries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If what you’ve seen so far isn’t enough, the rpm command supports a number " "of extra queries, mostly of use to developers." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-7 summarizes these extra queries." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-7 Extra Queries" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Option" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Meaning" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--dump" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Dumps out extra information on files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--fileid md5_id" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Queries for the package with the given MD5 digest" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--hdrid sha1_header_id" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Queries for the package with the given header identifier number, in SHA1 " "format" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--last" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Reorders the output of the rpm command to show the most recently-installed " "packages first" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--pkgid md5_id" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Queries for the package with the given MD5 package ID" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--querybynumber number" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Queries for the given entry, by number, in the RPM database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--tid transaction_id" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Queries for the package or packages with the given transaction ID" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Getting Information on Package Files" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to querying the RPM database about installed packages, the rpm " "command provides the handy ability to extract information from RPM files. " "This is very useful for determining whether you want to install a given " "package or not. It also helps with the simple task of figuring out what a " "package’s purpose, especially if names like kudzu, anaconda, or dia don’t " "immediately tell you what the corresponding packages provide." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The –p option tells the rpm command to provide " "information on the given package file. The basic syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm –qp query_options " "filename" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can use the longer option, --package, in place of " "–p. You can also pass more than one RPM file to the " "command." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The query information options shown previously for installed packages also " "work for RPM files. For example, to list the configuration files for a " "package, combine the -q, -p, and " "-c options with the name of a package file, as shown " "following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "$ rpm -qpc qt-4.6.2-17.fc12.x86_64.rpm \n" "/etc/Trolltech.conf\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To list all the files in an RPM package, combine the -q, " "-p, and -l options (example output " "truncated):" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "$ rpm -qpl qt-4.6.2-17.fc12.x86_64.rpm\n" "/etc/Trolltech.conf\n" "/usr/bin/qdbus\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtCore.so.4\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtCore.so.4.6\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtCore.so.4.6.2\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtDBus.so.4\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtDBus.so.4.6\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtDBus.so.4.6.2\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtNetwork.so.4\n" "/usr/lib64/libQtNetwork.so.4.6\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Querying Package Files Remotely" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As shown in , you can access RPM package " "files over a network using FTP or HTTP connections. To query remote files, " "use the same rules as shown in , with the " "following syntax:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -qp " "ftp://username:password@hostname:port/path/to/rpm/file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -qp " "http://hostname:port/path/to/rpm/file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If your system resides behind a firewall with a proxy server, use the " "options in the following table to name the proxy. Note that these proxy " "options only work with the TIS Firewall toolkit." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Network Proxy Option" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--ftpproxy proxy_hostname" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Names the proxy system" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--ftpport proxy_port_number" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Network port number on the proxy system" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--httpproxy proxy_hostname" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--httpport proxy_port_number" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Verifying Installed RPM Packages" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can do a lot more than just query packages in the RPM database. You can " "ask the rpm command to verify packages with the (or " ") option. The rpm -V command will also report " "missing dependencies." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The basic syntax is:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "rpm -V verify_options " "package_name" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " rpm -V telnet\n" " #\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If everything checks out, you'll get no response. The rpm command reports " "problems only. For example, if you have an installation of the telnet-server" " package that is missing some files, the rpm -V command will let you know, " "as shown following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " $ rpm -V telnet-server\n" " missing c /etc/xinetd.d/telnet\n" " missing /usr/sbin/in.telnetd\n" " missing d /usr/share/man/man5/issue.net.5.gz\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "In this example, the c and d stand for configuration and documentation " "files, respectively." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Verifying your entire system" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "To verify your entire system, use the option." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " # rpm -Va\n" " SM5....T c /usr/share/info/dir\n" " .......T c /etc/krb5.conf\n" " .......T /usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-default-dlg.png\n" " .......T /usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-error.png\n" " .......T /usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-info.png\n" " .......T /usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-question.png\n" " .......T /usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-warning.png\n" " S.5....T c /etc/sysconfig/pcmcia\n" " .....U.. /dev/winradio0\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Each line that the rpm command outputs indicates a problem with the given " "file. The rpm command uses letter codes to show the type of the problem. " "Table 5-8 lists the letter codes with their meanings." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-8 RPM verify output codes" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Code" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "S" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "File size differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "M" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "File mode differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "5" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The MD5 checksum differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "D" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The major and minor version numbers differ on a device file." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "L" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "A mismatch occurs in a link." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "U" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file ownership differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "G" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file group owner differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "T" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The file time (mtime) differs." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Controlling the verification" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can use a number of options to tell the verification command " "specifically what to check for or not check for. Table 5-9 lists these " "options." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Table 5-9 Controlling the verification" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nodeps" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify dependencies." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nodigest" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the package or header digests." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nofiles" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file attributes." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--noscripts" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't try to verify the scripts." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nosignature" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the package or header signatures." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nolinkto" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the link file attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nomd5" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the MD5 digest file attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nosize" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file size attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nouser" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file owner attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nogroup" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file group owner attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nomtime" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file mtime attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nomode" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file mode attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "--nordev" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Don't verify the file rdev attribute." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "-a" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Verify all packages in a given group." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "-g group" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "-p file" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Verify the given RPM file." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The option is often used with to verify the whole system but skip tests of file attributes. " "This command is used so often it has become an idiom for RPM usage, " "especially for debugging RPM problems. Run a command like the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm -Va --nofiles" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Working With the RPM Database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As mentioned in , the RPM database is " "stored in /var/lib/rpm. The files in that directory are Berkeley DB files, " "as shown by the file command:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" " # file /var/lib/rpm/*\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Basenames: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Conflictname: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/__db.001: data\n" " /var/lib/rpm/__db.002: X11 SNF font data, LSB first\n" " /var/lib/rpm/__db.003: X11 SNF font data, LSB first\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Dirnames: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Filemd5s: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Group: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Installtid: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Name: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Packages: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Providename: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Provideversion: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Requirename: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Requireversion: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Sha1header: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Sigmd5: Berkeley DB (Btree, version 8, native byte-order)\n" " /var/lib/rpm/Triggername: Berkeley DB (Hash, version 7, native byte-order)\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Each file is a separate database in Berkeley DB format, except for a few " "__db data files. (These are not really X11 font files, just plain data " "files. The file command is confused by the data in the files.)" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "The Berkeley DB Library" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "Available from Oracle at " "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/berkeleydb/overview/, the " "Berkeley DB library provides a simple database API. This is not a " "traditional relational database. Instead, data values are stored in what " "amounts to a persistent hash table of name/value pairs. This type of " "database is very quick to look up a named entry (such as a package name) but" " is not so quick for iterating over all the entries." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The RPM database is really a number of Berkeley DB databases, each designed " "for a different type of query." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If something goes wrong with your RPM database, you can first try to rebuild" " it. If that fails, you may need to initialize a new database, although that" " is generally not needed. First and foremost, however, you should back up " "this database." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "As mentioned before, the RPM database resides in the /var/lib/rpm. You can " "back up the RPM database by using a command such as the following:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "tar cf rpmdb.tar /var/lib/rpm" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Rebuilding the RPM database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the RPM database has been corrupted in some way, you can use the " " option to tell the rpm command to rebuild your " "database. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm --rebuilddb" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This command rebuilds the RPM database from the installed packages, the file" " named Packages in the /var/lib/rpm directory. Only the" " Packages file is required. All the other files can be " "recreated from the Packages file. If your database is " "OK, this command won't do much, other than shrink the size of your RPM " "database by removing unused entries. This command will take some time to " "execute, though." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "Before running this command, back up your RPM database." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "To check that the rpm --rebuilddb command has not damaged" " the RPM database, you can check with a file listing, query all packages, " "and then check the results of the rpm –rebuilddb command " "with another file listing when done." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Creating a new RPM database" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If all else fails, use the option to tell the rpm " "command to create a new empty RPM database. In almost all cases, you do not " "want to create a new RPM database, since this database will be empty. It " "will not have any knowledge about the packages you have already installed on" " your system. That could lead to a lot of problems, since you have the files" " installed, but the RPM system just doesn’t know about them." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "The basic syntax follows." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "rpm --initdb" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the RPM system cannot be rebuilt, you may have to reinstall the operating" " system to recreate a clean system. In general, if things are this far gone," " reinstalling may be your best answer instead of wiping the RPM database and" " creating an empty database." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the option to tell the rpm " "command to create an RPM database in a different directory." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #, no-c-format msgid "" "\n" "\tmkdir /tmp/rpm\n" " rpm --initdb --dbpath /tmp/rpm\n" " " msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "These commands create a temporary directory and an RPM database in the " "/tmp/rpm directory." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "After running this command, you can examine the files created." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #, no-c-format msgid "Summary" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "This chapter covers the rpm command options to query the RPM database and " "RPM package files. You can determine the packages installed on your system, " "as well as which packages are responsible for the files on your system." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "The RPM database maintains a lot of information about the files and packages" " on your system. Thus, it is crucial for managing your Linux systems. You " "should back up the RPM database before and after any installation, upgrade, " "or removal of packages." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use the option to the rpm command " "to rebuild a damaged RPM database." msgstr ""