# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Fedora Virtualization Guide\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: http://bugs.kde.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2009-09-23 16:39+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2011-08-21 04:23+0000\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: Vietnamese (Viet Nam) (http://www.transifex.net/projects/p/fedora/team/vi_VN/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: vi_VN\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0\n" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:6 #, no-c-format msgid "Virtualized block devices" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:7 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This chapter covers installing and configuring block devices in virtualized " "guests. The term block devices refers to various forms of storage devices." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:95 #, no-c-format msgid "Creating a virtualized floppy disk controller" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:96 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Floppy disk controllers are required for a number of older operating " "systems, especially for installing drivers. Presently, physical floppy disk " "devices cannot be accessed from virtualized guests. However, creating and " "accessing floppy disk images from virtualized floppy drives is supported. " "This section covers creating a virtualized floppy device." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:99 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An image file of a floppy disk is required. Create floppy disk image files " "with the dd command. Replace /dev/fd0 with the name of a " "floppy device and name the disk appropriately." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:101 #, no-c-format msgid "# dd if=/dev/fd0 of=~/legacydrivers.img" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:104 #, no-c-format msgid "Para-virtualized drivers note" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:105 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The para-virtualized drivers can map physical floppy devices to fully " "virtualized guests. For more information on using para-virtualized drivers " "read ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:109 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This example uses a guest created with virt-manager " "running a fully virtualized Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation with an " "image located in /var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel5FV.img. " "The Xen hypervisor is used in the example." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:114 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Create the XML configuration file for your guest image using the " "virsh command on a running guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:118 #, no-c-format msgid "# virsh dumpxml rhel5FV > rhel5FV.xml" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:119 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This saves the configuration settings as an XML file which can be edited to " "customize the operations and devices used by the guest. For more information" " on using the virsh XML configuration files, refer to ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:124 #, no-c-format msgid "Create a floppy disk image for the guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:128 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel5FV-floppy.img bs=512 " "count=2880" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:131 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Add the content below, changing where appropriate, to your guest's " "configuration XML file. This example creates a guest with a floppy device as" " a file based virtual device." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:135 #, no-c-format msgid "" "<disk type='file' device='floppy'>\n" " <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel5FV-floppy.img'/>\n" " <target dev='fda'/>\n" "</disk>" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:138 #, no-c-format msgid "Stop the guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:142 #, no-c-format msgid "# virsh stop rhel5FV" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:145 #, no-c-format msgid "Restart the guest using the XML configuration file." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:149 #, no-c-format msgid "# virsh create rhel5FV.xml" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:153 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The floppy device is now available in the guest and stored as an image file " "on the host." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:159 #, no-c-format msgid "Adding storage devices to guests" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:160 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This section covers adding storage devices to to virtual guest machine. " "Additional storage can only be added after guests are created. The supported" " storage devices and protocol include:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:165 #, no-c-format msgid "local hard drive partitions," msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:170 #, no-c-format msgid "logical volumes," msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:175 #, no-c-format msgid "Fibre Channel or iSCSI directly connected to the host." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:180 #, no-c-format msgid "File containers residing in a file system on the host." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:185 #, no-c-format msgid "" "NFS file systems mounted directly by the virtual " "machine." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:190 #, no-c-format msgid "iSCSI storage directly accessed by the guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:195 #, no-c-format msgid "Cluster File Systems (GFS)." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:201 #, no-c-format msgid "Adding file based storage to a guest" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:202 #, no-c-format msgid "" "File-based storage or file-based containers are files on the hosts file " "system which act as virtualized hard drives for virtualized guests. To add a" " file-based container perform the following steps:" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:208 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Create an empty container file or using an existing file container (such as " "an ISO file)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:213 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Create a sparse file using the dd command. Sparse files " "are not recommended due to data integrity and performance issues. Sparse " "files are created much faster and can used for testing but should not be " "used in production environments." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:217 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/lib/libvirt/images/FileName.img bs=1M seek=4096 " "count=0" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:220 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Non-sparse, pre-allocated files are recommended for file based storage " "containers. Create a non-sparse file, execute:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:224 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/lib/libvirt/images/FileName.img bs=1M count=4096" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:227 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Both commands create a 400MB file which can be used as additional storage " "for a virtualized guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:232 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Dump the configuration for the guest. In this example the guest is called " "Guest1 and the file is saved in the users home " "directory." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:236 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# virsh dumpxml Guest1 > " "~/Guest1.xml" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:239 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Open the configuration file (Guest1.xml in this " "example) in a text editor. Find the entries starting with " "\"disk=\". This entry resembles:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:243 #, no-c-format msgid "" ">disk type='file' device='disk'<\n" " >driver name='tap' type='aio'/<\n" " >source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/Guest1.img'/<\n" " >target dev='xvda'/<\n" ">/disk<" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:246 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Add the additional storage by modifying the end of " "disk= entry. Ensure you specify a device " "name for the virtual block device which is not used already in the " "configuration file. The following example entry adds file, named " "FileName.img, as a file based storage container:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:250 #, no-c-format msgid "" ">disk type='file' device='disk'<\n" " >driver name='tap' type='aio'/<\n" " >source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/Guest1.img'/<\n" " >target dev='xvda'/<\n" ">/disk<\n" ">disk type='file' device='disk'<\n" " >driver name='tap' type='aio'/<\n" " >source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/FileName.img'/<\n" " >target dev='hda'/<\n" ">/disk<" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:253 #, no-c-format msgid "Restart the guest from the updated configuration file." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:257 #, no-c-format msgid "# virsh create Guest1.xml" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:260 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following steps are Linux guest specific. Other operating systems handle" " new storage devices in different ways. For non Linux systems refer to your " "guest operating systems documentation." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:263 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The guest now uses the file FileName.img as the device " "called /dev/hdb. This device requires formatting from " "the guest. On the guest, partition the device into one primary partition for" " the entire device then format the device." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:268 #, no-c-format msgid "Press n for a new partition." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:272 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# fdisk /dev/hdb\n" "Command (m for help):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:275 #, no-c-format msgid "Press p for a primary partition." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:279 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Command action\n" " e extended\n" " p primary partition (1-4)" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:282 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Choose an available partition number. In this example the first partition is" " chosen by entering 1." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:286 Block_Devices.xml:314 #, no-c-format msgid "Partition number (1-4): 1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:289 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Enter the default first cylinder by pressing Enter." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:293 #, no-c-format msgid "First cylinder (1-400, default 1):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:296 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Select the size of the partition. In this example the entire disk is " "allocated by pressing Enter." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:300 #, no-c-format msgid "Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2-400, default 400):" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:303 #, no-c-format msgid "Set the type of partition by pressing t." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:307 #, no-c-format msgid "Command (m for help): t" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:310 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Choose the partition you created in the previous steps. In this example " "it's partition 1." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:317 #, no-c-format msgid "Enter 83 for a linux partition." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:321 #, no-c-format msgid "Hex code (type L to list codes): 83" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:324 #, no-c-format msgid "write changes to disk and quit." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:328 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Command (m for help): w \n" "Command (m for help): q" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:331 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Format the new partition with the ext3 file system." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:335 #, no-c-format msgid "# mke2fs -j /dev/hdb" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:340 #, no-c-format msgid "Mount the disk on the guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:342 #, no-c-format msgid "# mount /dev/hdb1 /myfiles" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:347 #, no-c-format msgid "The guest now has an additional virtualized file-based storage device." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:351 #, no-c-format msgid "Adding hard drives and other block devices to a guest" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:352 #, no-c-format msgid "" "System administrators use additional hard drives for to provide more storage" " space or to separate system data from user data. This procedure, , describes how to " "add a hard drive on the host to a virtualized guest." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:356 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The procedure works for all physical block devices, this includes CD-ROM, " "DVD and floppy devices." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:360 #, no-c-format msgid "Adding physical block devices to virtualized guests" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:362 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Physically attach the hard disk device to the host. Configure the host if " "the drive is not accessible by default." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:367 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Configure the device with multipath and persistence on " "the host if required." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:372 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Use the virsh attach command. Replace: " "myguest with your guest's name, " "/dev/hdb1 with the device to add, and " "hdc with the location for the device on the " "guest. The hdc must be an unused device name. Use" " the hd* notation for Windows guests as well, the" " guest will recognize the device correctly." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:375 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Append the --type hdd parameter to the command for " "CD-ROM or DVD devices." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:378 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Append the --type floppy parameter to the command for" " floppy devices." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:382 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# virsh attach-disk myguest " "/dev/hdb1 hdc --driver tap" " --mode readonly" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:385 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The guest now has a new hard disk device called " "/dev/hdb on Linux or D: drive, or " "similar, on Windows. This device may require formatting." msgstr "" #. Tag: remark #: Block_Devices.xml:391 #, no-c-format msgid "missing step" msgstr "" #. Tag: remark #: Block_Devices.xml:392 #, no-c-format msgid "dynamic adding paragraph" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:396 #, no-c-format msgid "Configuring persistent storage in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:397 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This section is for systems with external or networked storage; that is, " "Fibre Channel or iSCSI based storage devices. It is recommended that those " "systems have persistent device names configured for your hosts. This assists" " live migration as well as providing consistent device names and storage for" " multiple virtualized systems." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:400 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Universally Unique Identifiers(UUIDs) are a standardized method for " "identifying computers and devices in distributed computing environments. " "This sections uses UUIDs to identify iSCSI or Fibre Channel LUNs. UUIDs " "persist after restarts, disconnection and device swaps. The UUID is similar " "to a label on the device." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:403 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Systems which are not running multipath must use ." " Systems running multipath can use ." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:407 #, no-c-format msgid "Single path configuration" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:408 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This procedure implements LUN device persistence using udev. Only" " use this procedure for hosts which are not using " "multipath." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:414 #, no-c-format msgid "Edit the /etc/scsi_id.config file." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:419 #, no-c-format msgid "Ensure the options=-b is line commented out." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:421 #, no-c-format msgid "# options=-b" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:425 #, no-c-format msgid "Add the following line:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:429 #, no-c-format msgid "options=-g" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:430 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This option configures udev to assume all attached SCSI " "devices return a UUID." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:437 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To display the UUID for a given device run the scsi_id -g -s " "/block/sd* command. For example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:441 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# scsi_id -g -s /block/sd*\n" "3600a0b800013275100000015427b625e" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:442 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The output may vary from the example above. The output displays the UUID of " "the device /dev/sdc." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:447 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Verify the UUID output by the scsi_id -g -s /block/sd* " "command is identical from computer which accesses the device." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:452 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Create a rule to name the device. Create a file named " "20-names.rules in the " "/etc/udev/rules.d directory. Add new rules to this " "file. All rules are added to the same file using the same format. Rules " "follow this format:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:456 #, no-c-format msgid "" "KERNEL=\"sd*\", BUS=\"scsi\", PROGRAM=\"/sbin/scsi_id -g -s\", " "RESULT=UUID, " "NAME=devicename" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:457 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Replace UUID and " "devicename with the UUID retrieved above, and a " "name for the device. This is a rule for the example above:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:461 #, no-c-format msgid "" "KERNEL=\"sd*\", BUS=\"scsi\", PROGRAM=\"/sbin/scsi_id -g -s\", " "RESULT=\"3600a0b800013275100000015427b625e\", NAME=\"rack4row16\"" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:462 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The udev daemon now searches all devices named " "/dev/sd* for the UUID in the rule. Once a matching " "device is connected to the system the device is assigned the name from the " "rule. In the a device with a UUID of 3600a0b800013275100000015427b625e would" " appear as /dev/rack4row16." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:467 #, no-c-format msgid "Append this line to /etc/rc.local:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:471 Block_Devices.xml:478 #, no-c-format msgid "/sbin/start_udev" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:474 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Copy the changes in the /etc/scsi_id.config, " "/etc/udev/rules.d/20-names.rules, and " "/etc/rc.local files to all relevant hosts." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:482 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Networked storage devices with configured rules now have persistent names on" " all hosts where the files were updated This means you can migrate guests " "between hosts using the shared storage and the guests can access the storage" " devices in their configuration files." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:486 #, no-c-format msgid "Multiple path configuration" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:487 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The multipath package is used for systems with more than " "one physical path from the computer to storage devices. " "multipath provides fault tolerance, fail-over and " "enhanced performance for network storage devices attached to Red Hat " "Enterprise Linux systems." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:491 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Implementing LUN persistence in a multipath environment " "requires defined alias names for your multipath devices. Each storage device" " has a UUID which acts as a key for the aliased names. Identify a " "device's UUID using the scsi_id command." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:495 #, no-c-format msgid "# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdc" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:496 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The multipath devices will be created in the /dev/mpath" " directory. In the example below 4 devices are defined in " "/etc/multipath.conf:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: Block_Devices.xml:500 #, no-c-format msgid "" "multipaths { \n" " multipath { \n" " wwid 3600805f30015987000000000768a0019 \n" " alias oramp1 \n" " } \n" " multipath { \n" " wwid 3600805f30015987000000000d643001a \n" " alias oramp2 \n" " } \n" " mulitpath { \n" " wwid 3600805f3001598700000000086fc001b \n" " alias oramp3 \n" " } \n" " mulitpath { \n" " wwid 3600805f300159870000000000984001c \n" " alias oramp4 \n" " } \n" "}" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:501 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This configuration will create 4 LUNs named " "/dev/mpath/oramp1, " "/dev/mpath/oramp2, " "/dev/mpath/oramp3 and " "/dev/mpath/oramp4. Once entered, the mapping of the " "devices' WWID to their new names are now persistent after rebooting." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: Block_Devices.xml:507 #, no-c-format msgid "Add a virtualized CD-ROM or DVD device to a guest" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: Block_Devices.xml:508 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To attach an ISO file to a guest while the guest is online use virsh with the attach-disk parameter. # virsh attach-disk [domain-id] [source] [target] --driver file --type cdrom --mode readonly\n" " The source and target parameters are paths for the files and devices, on the host and guest respectively. The source parameter can be a path to an ISO file or the device from the /dev directory." msgstr ""