# AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
# 
# neb <nick@bebout.net>, 2011.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Fedora Virtualization Guide\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2011-03-02T01:07:51\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2011-03-22 16:02+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: neb <nick@bebout.net>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese (Taiwan) <trans-zh_TW@lists.fedoraproject.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0\n"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "KVM guest timing management"
msgstr "KVM 客座端時間管理"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Virtualization poses various challenges for guest time keeping. Guests which"
" use the Time Stamp Counter (TSC) as a clock source may suffer timing issues"
" as some CPUs do not have a constant Time Stamp Counter. Guests without "
"accurate timekeeping may have issues with some networked applications and "
"processes as the guest will run faster or slower than the actual time and "
"fall out of synchronization."
msgstr ""
"虛擬化會造成一些客座端上的計時問題。使用了時間戳記計數器（Time Stamp "
"Counter，TSC）來作為時鐘的客座端客能會遇上一些計時上的問題，因為有些 CPU "
"沒有一致的時間戳記計數器。客座端在沒有準確的時間紀錄的情況下運作，可能會嚴重影響某些網路應用程式，因為您的客座端將會以要比實際時間更快或更慢的速度來運作。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"KVM works around this issue by providing guests with a para-virtualized "
"clock. Alternatively, some guests may use other x86 clock sources for their "
"timing in future versions of those operating systems."
msgstr ""
"KVM 透過為客座端提供了半虛擬化時鐘來解決了這項問題。此外，有些客座端在未來版本的作業系統上可能會使用其它的 x86 時鐘來源來作為它們的計時工具。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Guests can have several problems caused by inaccurate clocks and counters:"
msgstr "不準確的時鐘和計數器可能會造成客座端的一些問題發生："

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Clocks can fall out of synchronization with the actual time which "
"invalidates sessions and affects networks."
msgstr "時鐘可能會無法與實際的時間同步，以致 session 無法驗證並影響網路。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid "Guests with slower clocks may have issues migrating."
msgstr "時鐘較慢的客座端可能在遷移時會發生問題。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"These problems exist on other virtualization platforms and timing should "
"always be tested."
msgstr "這些問題也存在其它虛擬化平台上，因此必須每次測試時間。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "NTP"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon should be running on the host and the"
" guests. Enable the <systemitem class=\"daemon\">ntpd</systemitem> service:"
msgstr ""
"網路時間協定（Network Time Protocol，NTP）daemon 應在主機以及客座端上執行。請啟用 <systemitem "
"class=\"daemon\">ntpd</systemitem> 服務："

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid "# service ntpd start\n"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid "Add the ntpd service to the default startup sequence:"
msgstr "將 ntpd 服務新增至預設的啟動序列中："

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid "# chkconfig ntpd on\n"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Using the <systemitem class=\"daemon\">ntpd</systemitem> service should "
"minimize the affects of clock skew in all cases."
msgstr ""
"使用 <systemitem class=\"daemon\">ntpd</systemitem> 服務便能有效降低所有時鐘偏移（clock "
"skew）情況下所造成的影響。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "Determining if your CPU has the constant Time Stamp Counter"
msgstr "偵測您的 CPU 是否擁有一致的時間戳記計數器"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Your CPU has a constant Time Stamp Counter if the "
"<computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> flag is present. To determine "
"if your CPU has the <computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> flag run "
"the following command:"
msgstr ""
"若 <computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> 旗標存在的話，您的 CPU "
"便擁有一致的時間戳記計數器。若要檢查您的 CPU 是否擁有 <computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> "
"旗標，請執行下列指令："

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid "$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep constant_tsc\n"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If any output is given your CPU has the "
"<computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> bit. If no output is given "
"follow the instructions below."
msgstr ""
"若您得到任何輸出結果的話，您的 CPU 便擁有 "
"<computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput>。若沒有得到任何結果的話，請依照下列步驟進行。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring hosts without a constant Time Stamp Counter"
msgstr "設定時間戳記計數器不一致的主機"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Systems without constant time stamp counters require additional "
"configuration. Power management features interfere with accurate time "
"keeping and must be disabled for guests to accurately keep time with KVM."
msgstr ""
"時間戳記計數器不一致的系統需要經過額外的設定。電源管理功能會影響正確的時間紀錄，並且客座端上必須將它停用，才可在使用 KVM 時正確地紀錄時間。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "Note"
msgstr "注意"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid "These instructions are for AMD revision F cpus only."
msgstr "這些指南只對應於 AMD 修訂版 F cpu。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If the CPU lacks the <computeroutput>constant_tsc</computeroutput> bit, "
"disable all power management features (<ulink "
"url=\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=513138\">BZ#513138</ulink>)."
" Each system has several timers it uses to keep time. The TSC is not stable "
"on the host, which is sometimes caused by <command>cpufreq</command> "
"changes, deep C state, or migration to a host with a faster TSC. Deep C "
"sleep states can stop the TSC. To prevent the kernel using deep C states "
"append <command>processor.max_cstate=1</command> to the kernel boot options "
"in the <filename>grub.conf</filename> file on the host:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"term Red Hat Enterprise Linux (2.6.32-36.x86-64)\n"
"        root (hd0,0)\n"
"\tkernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-36.x86-64 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet <emphasis>processor.max_cstate=1</emphasis>\n"
"\t"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Disable <command>cpufreq</command> (only necessary on hosts without the "
"<command>constant_tsc</command>) by editing the "
"<filename>/etc/sysconfig/cpuspeed</filename> configuration file and change "
"the <command>MIN_SPEED</command> and <command>MAX_SPEED</command> variables "
"to the highest frequency available. Valid limits can be found in the "
"<filename>/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies</filename>"
" files."
msgstr ""
"請透過編輯 <filename>/etc/sysconfig/cpuspeed</filename> 配置檔案來停用 "
"<command>cpufreq</command>（只有在沒有 <command>constant_tsc</command> "
"的主機上才需要這麼作）並將 <command>MIN_SPEED</command> 和 <command>MAX_SPEED</command> "
"更改為最高的速率。有效的限制可在 "
"<filename>/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies</filename>"
" 檔案中找到。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid "Using the para-virtualized clock with Red Hat Enterprise Linux guests"
msgstr "與 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 客座端搭配使用半虛擬化時鐘"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For certain Red Hat Enterprise Linux guests, additional kernel parameters "
"are required. These parameters can be set by appending them to the end of "
"the /kernel line in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file of the guest."
msgstr ""
"某些特定 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 客座端需要額外的核心參數。這些參數可藉由將其附加至客座端的 "
"<filename>/boot/grub/grub.conf</filename> 檔案中的 <command>/kernel</command> "
"一行尾端來設定。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The table below lists versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux and the "
"parameters required for guests on systems without a constant Time Stamp "
"Counter."
msgstr "下列表格列出了 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的版本，以及沒有一致時間戳記計數器的系統所需的參數。"

#. Tag: segtitle
#, no-c-format
msgid "Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
msgstr "Red Hat Enterprise Linux"

#. Tag: segtitle
#, no-c-format
msgid "Additional guest kernel parameters"
msgstr "額外的客座端 kernel 參數"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.4 AMD64/Intel 64 with the para-virtualized clock"
msgstr "含有半虛擬化時鐘的 5.4 AMD64/Intel 64"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "Additional parameters are not required"
msgstr "無須額外的參數"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.4 AMD64/Intel 64 without the para-virtualized clock"
msgstr "無半虛擬化時鐘的 5.4 AMD64/Intel 64"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "divider=10 notsc lpj=n"
msgstr "divider=10 notsc lpj=n"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.4 x86 with the para-virtualized clock"
msgstr "含有半虛擬化時鐘的 5.4 x86"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.4 x86 without the para-virtualized clock"
msgstr "沒有半虛擬化時鐘的 5.4 x86"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "divider=10 clocksource=acpi_pm lpj=n"
msgstr "divider=10 clocksource=acpi_pm lpj=n"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.3 AMD64/Intel 64"
msgstr "5.3 AMD64/Intel 64"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "divider=10 notsc"
msgstr "divider=10 notsc"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "5.3 x86"
msgstr "5.3 x86"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "divider=10 clocksource=acpi_pm"
msgstr "divider=10 clocksource=acpi_pm"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "4.8 AMD64/Intel 64"
msgstr "4.8 AMD64/Intel 64"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "notsc divider=10"
msgstr "notsc divider=10"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "4.8 x86"
msgstr "4.8 x86"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "clock=pmtmr divider=10"
msgstr "clock=pmtmr divider=10"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "3.9 AMD64/Intel 64"
msgstr "3.9 AMD64/Intel 64"

#. Tag: seg
#, no-c-format
msgid "3.9 x86"
msgstr "3.9 x86"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Using the Real-Time Clock with Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP guests"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Windows uses the both the Real-Time Clock (RTC) and the Time Stamp Counter "
"(TSC). For Windows guests the Real-Time Clock can be used instead of the TSC"
" for all time sources which resolves guest timing issues."
msgstr ""
"Windows 同時使用了即時時鐘（Real-Time Clock，RTC）以及時間戳計數器（TSC）。在 Windows "
"客座端上，您可使用即時時鐘來取代 TSC 來作為所有的時間來源，這將可解決客座端上的時間問題。"

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"To enable the Real-Time Clock for the "
"<computeroutput>PMTIMER</computeroutput> clock source (the "
"<computeroutput>PMTIMER</computeroutput> usually uses the TSC) add the "
"following line to the Windows boot settings. Windows boot settings are "
"stored in the boot.ini file. Add the following line to the "
"<filename>boot.ini</filename> file:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid "/use pmtimer\n"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For more information on Windows boot settings and the pmtimer option, refer "
"to <ulink url=\"http://support.microsoft.com/kb/833721\">Available switch "
"options for the Windows XP and the Windows Server 2003 Boot.ini "
"files</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"欲取得更多有關於 Windows 開機設定以及 pmtimer 選項上的相關資訊，請參閱 <ulink "
"url=\"http://support.microsoft.com/kb/833721\">Windows XP 和 Windows Server "
"2003 Boot.ini 檔案的有效切換選項</ulink>。"

#. Tag: title
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Using the Real-Time Clock with Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 and "
"Windows 7 guests"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <filename>boot.ini</filename> file is no longer used from Windows Vista "
"and newer. Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 and Windows 7 use the "
"<application>Boot Configuration Data Editor</application> "
"(<command>bcdedit.exe</command>) to modify the Windows boot parameters."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This procedure is only required if the guest is having time keeping issues. "
"Time keeping issues may not affect guests on all host systems."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid "Open the Windows guest."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Open the <guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem> menu of the "
"<guimenuitem>start</guimenuitem> menu. Right click on the "
"<application>Command Prompt</application> application, select <guilabel>Run "
"as Administrator</guilabel>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid "Confirm the security exception, if prompted."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Set the boot manager to use the platform clock. This should instruct Windows"
" to use the PM timer for the primary clock source. The system UUID "
"(<parameter>{default}</parameter> in the example below) should be changed if"
" the system UUID is different than the default boot device."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"C:\\Windows\\system32&gt;bcdedit /set {default} USEPLATFORMCLOCK on\n"
"The operation completed successfully"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This fix should improve time keeping for Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 "
"and Windows 7 guests."
msgstr ""